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開開心心買車時，通常這時Sales一定會問你：現金還是貸款？我們公司有提供優惠汽車貸款…..叭啦叭啦的….。Sales的熱心，可以幫你把保險、貸款等等繁雜的事全部搞定！
但除了車商一條龍的購車服務，還有其他車貸申請的管道嗎？
不管你是小有積蓄想晉升「有車階級」，還是為了通勤不得不買車，該怎麼買車最划算？又有哪些看不見的花費需要注意呢？
汽車貸款的利率從新車貸款、二手車貸款、原車融資等，所有方案都完全不同，可以貸款的金額從汽車價值的90%~200%都有，在挑選最低的汽車貸款利率前，您也要了解哪一種方式比較適合您來申辦。
在眾多車貸廣告中，想要找到最低利率的汽車貸款並不難，但是要如何在這個資訊複雜的時代找到最適合的方案確實需要花點功夫，很容易就會被低利率的車貸廣告文宣給騙走，只有在最後實際核貸出來的 額度 、 利率 、 期數 才是真的！
汽車貸款利率每一種管道計算方式都不同，只有真正的找到適合自己的管道，才有辦法找到「最低車貸利率」。畢竟買車和買房不同，房子還可能升值，但車子卻是從成交當天起，就開始快速貶值。況且「 買車容易 、 養車難 」，養車所需的必要開銷，並不亞於買車的花費。
各大銀行汽車貸款利率 (已更新為最新資訊)
銀行名稱
貸款利率
月繳金額
三信銀行
2.66%起
每月5,345元起
新光銀行
2.8%起
每月5,364元起
永豐銀行
2.8%起
每月5,364元起
聯徵銀行
2.88%起
每月5,375元起
台新銀行
2.88%起
每月5,375元起
陽信銀行
3.0%起
每月5,391元起
國泰世華銀行
3.14%起
每月5,409元起
土地銀行
3.5%起
每月5,458元起
星展銀行
4.0%起
每月5,525元起
＊圖表僅供參考，依據每間銀行實際情況不同＊
汽車貸款利率怎麼算？ 汽車車貸利率大約多少？購買新車貸款利率約 2～3% 左右，購買中古汽車貸款利率約在 4～10% 左右，依據個人條件而有所不同。
申辦新車貸款或二手車貸款也會影響汽車貸款利率高低：
購新車貸款： 新車貸款有時候車商會幫您搭配當月推出的優惠專案，從0利率、0頭款、贈送各種禮品的都有，當然貸款不可能不用利息只是被加到您的車價裡面，再購買新車的時候也建議要把所有費用一起考量進去，有些新車貸款的利率約在2%~5%比較常見。
購二手車貸款： 購買二手車就沒辦法像新車那樣優惠，通常是搭配銀行（2%~5%不等）或融資公司（5%~8%不等）來進行購買二手車的貸款，根據您所申貸的條件都會影響利率。
原車融資： 當您原本已經有汽車，不論是否有貸款都可以進行轉增貸，依據汽車殘值來換算可貸金額最高為車價的150%~200%，通常是搭配銀行（2%~5%不等）或融資公司（5%~8%不等）來進行原車融資。
汽車貸款如何申請到最低利率？ 不論您申辦那一種汽車貸款，最後都還是與您的個人條件息息相關，當您提供的審核資料越齊全，除了過件機率過高之外，車貸利率也有辦法爭取到最低。在申辦車貸前您可以先看看是否有符合這些因素：
年滿20歲以上 （成為法定可貸款的年紀）
車種沒有限制，車齡最好是 14年 以內
個人財力證明，薪轉或勞保都可以當作您個人的財力證明
個人信用評分
汽車的殘餘價值
申辦車貸會以汽車來抵押，通常你的聯徵結果不好，過件率也是很高，需要資金周轉推薦用這方式貸款。
汽車車貸申辦注意事項！ 車貸方案多元，在辦理前我建議有以下幾點您必須要先了解，這會是最重要的問題：
０利率陷阱： 有些車會會推出車貸零利率專案，您以為可以分期付款又不用支付利息有這麼好嗎？但…通常零利率的優惠只是吸引您的招數，貸款利息的部分就由車商負擔，自然就會轉價到車價上面少了折價空間。
評估還款能力： 在尋找最低利率的車貸同時，別忘了分期的期數也是重要的考量，假如貸款出來的月繳金額太高而影響您的生活品質也不太好。
多家比較： 車貸管道太多元，同樣的款車在不同的車商，卻有可能出現不同的優惠方案，通常車商可以給予的優惠，就是價格、利率及配備，建議多家比較看看。
低利率玄機： 每一種貸款都有正常的行情利率，萬一業務提供給您的利率是這個市面上沒有出現過的，您可能要思考一下使否為話術還是另藏玄機，畢竟天下沒有白吃的午餐唷。
考慮用信用貸款： 信貸利率從5%~9%不等，假如您可以拿到信貸超優惠利率3%左右，轉而使用信貸來代替車貸，善用這方式可以省不少錢前面有講到新車和中古車利率的合理範圍，或許可以替您省下一筆費用。
考慮用房屋貸款： 房屋貸款利率更低再1.57%~2.5%不等，如果您有房屋或許也可以用來房屋增貸買車，也可以節省不少的費用以及貸款到更高的金額，或許買車還有錢可以拿唷。
汽車貸款申請流程 5個步驟輕鬆申辦汽車貸款：
估價： 提供您的行照與貸款情況，馬上就可以幫您試算可貸款金額與月繳金額，評估是否符合您的需求。
申請： 申貸條件可以接受後，備齊所有相關資料進件審核。
審核： 由銀行或融資公司進行徵信審核階段。
對保： 審核過了之後，就可以幫您安排對保填寫相關設定書類文件等待撥款。
撥款： 設定完成後就馬上撥款運用資金唷。
車貸利率試算小心有陷阱？5訣竅教你如何判斷
車貸試算公式 雖然可以依據你的需求，算出利率最低方案，實際還需看汽車貸款合約內容，有些方案並非是固定利率，這就需看平均利率是否划算；銀行在廣告主打低利率方案，通常也非真實合約利率，一般都有所限制，簽約時要問清楚。
車貸利率 怎麼算可以依據幾個標準來判斷：
新車貸款利率約2.5%~5%之間，未落地的新車是可以談到更低利率，一年以內的車，通常都歸類於比較新的車。
中古車貸利率約5%~11%之間，中古汽車貸款利率範圍一定比較大，銀行還要評估你的汽車殘餘價值有多少，再來決定給你的利率。
利率會直接影響你每月繳款金額，當然希望銀行車貸利率越低越好，但是低於行情太多還是要小心。
新車或中古車的利率範圍還是不小，建議找熟悉朋友幫忙，畢竟要談到低利率合約沒那麼容易，甚至還需要點門路。
代辦 這個行業因為不需要考試，甚至您只要有台電腦，印個幾張張名片，你都可以說自己是代辦，素質參差不齊，所以挑選信譽優良的代書 、 貸款經理人 的是非常重要。
車貸的部分必須分兩個部分來說，
新車：
有很多車主會問我買新車能不能0利率，能不能免頭款，這是一般人最想知道的問題，就讓我來為你們細細解說。
其實根本沒有什麼0利率這種事，一切都只是車商的廣告噱頭，畢竟羊毛出在羊身上。假設車商賣一臺80萬的車，可以60萬0利率分期，這時候如果你是現金購買，其實車價是可以直接少3萬以上甚至更多的，因為0利率其實只是車商將車貸的利息事先給了銀行而已，假設你現金購車，車商也省下利息的支出，所以車價也會相對更有空間。
值得注意的是： 向車商貸款通常會連同車險等一起包辦，雖然方便，但車商的貸款方案在車貸利率的部分較不透明 ，甚至很多主打0利率分期貸款的購車方案其實都有現金折價空間。
至於全額貸的部分，實際情況來說是不行的！目前新車車貸最高能貸到車價9成，如果在加上領牌與保險費用，所以如果您現在有購車打算，建議頭款至少準備兩成以上才較為保險。
中古車：
（買賣）
許多車友常問我買了一輛車30萬，能不能全額貸或超貸，其實當你這樣問一開始就錯了，你買30萬是市價，但是銀行看的卻是權威價的，而一般權威價是低於市價一成左右，如果是熱門車甚至是差到兩成以上的。
簡單來說，你車買30萬，而該車權威價是27萬，想要全額貸基本不是問題，但是當然條件不能太差，還是可以做的到的，但如果你一心只想超貸也不是不可能，但你首先要讓賣方將車以低於市價賣你，通常這種車的車況都不會太好，不是事故車就是曾經是計程車才較有可能的，所以網友如果真的要買車還是不要貪小便宜，車況才是王道，畢竟車是買來開的，不是買來修的。
（轉增貸）
此外！這是來電詢問最常遇到的案件，就是車子有貸款又在當鋪借錢車押在當鋪，還能不能貸款將車從當鋪贖回這類的問題。其實當然還是有辦法的，但是前提是車子增貸的空間能夠補足你現在銀行貸款及當鋪的欠款，且銀行的車貸不能逾期，信用也必須正常，否則就不能以轉增方式辦理，只能以買賣方式來辦理了。
至於哪個管道是最適合你？ 1.資產狀況、2.職業收入、3.欲貸款的汽車標的物為何。
< 資產狀況 >
如果你有不動產、而且正在貸款， 何不跟銀行再申請增貸（增貸辦理挺簡便）?
因為房貸的利率比起信用貸款以及汽車貸款的利率要來得低很多， 若申請年限長（房貸可申請20~30年 、信貸車貸則不高於7年）， 所負擔的月付金相對就會輕鬆很多！ 甚至可以因此考慮買預算高一些的車子！
房貸利率平均 2%~3% ， 信貸或車貸 3%~10%以上 ， 相較之下利息確實可以省很多!
< 職業收入 >
如果你嫌房貸車貸必需抵押麻煩，而正巧你的工作職業是銀行喜歡的目標客戶， 那麼就應該好好利用！
至於銀行喜歡的信用貸款目標客戶是什麼呢？
一般來說是：
＊任職上市櫃或金融機構
善用身份職業，可以獲得比一般車貸更便宜的貸款利率！
< 貸款汽車標的 >
如果購買的是新車 許多車商有「0 利率 」分期付款，通常只能跟車商提供方案申貸，而銀行並沒有這樣的專案，不過羊毛出在羊身上，反而因零利率車款有現金折價空間，不妨先向車商詢問現金付款價差，再比較銀行車貸利率後再決定，自行辦理車貸較有利。
如果購買的是二手車 二手車購車貸款，部分銀行也有承作，二手車商亦有配合的資融公司，但後者的利率通常不甚透明。以我們的立場當然還是建議向銀行直接申請車貸在個人資料安全上是最有保障的。
舊車貸款(原車融資) 一般是指短期資金需求，視既有的車的殘值來申請貸款，部分銀行有承作，資融公司非常積極在推廣，許多資融公司會用電話行銷詢問客戶是否有資金需求就屬此類…！不過利率通常較高。
若銀行信用狀況良好我們建議直接跟銀行申請信用貸款利息成本可能還低一些。
溫馨小提醒：
網友們千萬不要讓自己的車被當舖流當了，一但流當變成權利車，欠的可不止銀行貸款，還會欠稅與罰單，日後連買車 / 換車 / 更換行照都不能的。
申辦汽車貸款前建議先透徹了解後， 請專業車貸顧問協助評估 ， 才能真正得到最優惠的方案 ，將您的愛車開回家。此外！原車融資不是每間銀行都有承辦，假使經常往來的銀行剛好沒有汽車貸款方案或開出的方案選擇很少，就可能貸不到符合您需求的貸款。這時尋求專業車貸顧問協助的最大優點就是 不受銀行&車商限制 ，可協助多方比較車貸利率，取得最優惠的貸款資金。
想要 找 金主 、找 代書 當然要找30年最專業的~臺中最有口碑!最有品質!最有信用!最有保障~這樣才能讓您獲得到迅速安全的高品質服務!!建議您在選擇代書之前要慎重，要明察。
24小時服務專線： 0979-893-889 宋智孝 公司地址：台中北區北屯路49-3號 營業時間：上午 8:00 ~ 下午 5:00 LINE ID： 0979893889
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Money Laundering
What is Money Laundering？
Money laundering is the illegal process of making large amounts of money generated by a criminal activity, such as drug trafficking or terrorist funding, appear to have come from a legitimate source. The money from the criminal activity is considered dirty, and the process "launders" it to make it look clean.
Money laundering is a serious financial crime that is employed by white collar and street-level criminals alike.1? Most financial companies have anti-money-laundering (AML) policies in place to detect and prevent this activity.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Money laundering is the illegal process of making "dirty" money appear legitimate instead of ill-gotten.
Criminals use a wide variety of money laundering techniques to make illegally obtained funds appear clean.
Online banking and cryptocurrencies have made it easier for criminals to transfer and withdraw money without detection.
The prevention of money laundering has become an international effort and now includes terrorist funding among its targets.
How Money Laundering Works
Money laundering is essential for criminal organizations that wish to use illegally obtained money effectively. Dealing in large amounts of illegal cash is inefficient and dangerous. Criminals need a way to deposit the money in legitimate financial institutions, yet they can only do so if it appears to come from legitimate sources.
Banks are required to report large cash transactions and other suspicious activities that might be signs of money laundering.
The process of laundering money typically involves three steps: placement, layering, and integration.
Placement puts the "dirty money" into the legitimate financial system.
Layering conceals the source of the money through a series of transactions and bookkeeping tricks.
In the final step, integration, the now-laundered money is withdrawn from the legitimate account to be used for whatever purposes the criminals have in mind for it.
There are many ways to launder money, from the simple to the very complex. One of the most common techniques is to use a legitimate, cash-based business owned by a criminal organization. For example, if the organization owns a restaurant, it might inflate the daily cash receipts to funnel illegal cash through the restaurant and into the restaurant's bank account. After that, the funds can be withdrawn as needed. These types of businesses are often referred to as "fronts."
Money Laundering Variants
In one common form of money laundering, called smurfing (also known as "structuring"), the criminal breaks up large chunks of cash into multiple small deposits, often spreading them over many different accounts, to avoid detection. Money laundering can also be accomplished through the use of currency exchanges, wire transfers, and "mules"—cash smugglers, who sneak large amounts of cash across borders and deposit them in foreign accounts, where money-laundering enforcement is less strict.
Other money-laundering methods involve investing in commodities such as gems and gold that can easily be moved to other jurisdictions, discreetly investing in and selling valuable assets such as real estate, gambling, counterfeiting; and using shell companies (inactive companies or corporations that essentially exist on paper only).
Electronic Money Laundering
The Internet has put a new spin on the old crime. The rise of online banking institutions, anonymous online payment services and peer-to-peer (P2P) transfers with mobile phones have made detecting the illegal transfer of money even more difficult. Moreover, the use of proxy servers and anonymizing software makes the third component of money laundering, integration, almost impossible to detect—money can be transferred or withdrawn leaving little or no trace of an IP address.
Money can also be laundered through online auctions and sales, gambling websites, and virtual gaming sites, where ill-gotten money is converted into gaming currency, then back into real, usable, and untraceable "clean" money.
The newest frontier of money laundering involves cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin. While not totally anonymous, they are increasingly being used in blackmail schemes, the drug trade, and other criminal activities due to their relative anonymity compared with more conventional forms of currency.
Anti-money-laundering laws (AML) have been slow to catch up to these types of cybercrimes, since most of the laws are still based on detecting dirty money as it passes through traditional banking institutions.
Preventing Money Laundering
Governments around the world have stepped up their efforts to combat money laundering in recent decades, with regulations that require financial institutions to put systems in place to detect and report suspicious activity. The amount of money involved is substantial. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, global money laundering transactions account for roughly $800 billion to $2 trillion annually, or some 2% to 5% of global GDP.
In 1989, the Group of Seven (G-7) formed an international committee called the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) in an attempt to fight money laundering on an international scale. In the early 2000s, its purview was expanded to combating the financing of terrorism.
The United States passed the Banking Secrecy Act in 1970, requiring financial institutions to report certain transactions to the Department of the Treasury, such as cash transactions above $10,000 or any others they deem suspicious, on a suspicious activity report (SAR).3? The information the banks provide to the Treasury Department is used by the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), which can share it with domestic criminal investigators, international bodies or foreign financial intelligence units.
While these laws were helpful in tracking criminal activity, money laundering itself wasn't made illegal in the United States until 1986, with the passage of the Money Laundering Control Act. Shortly after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the USA Patriot Act expanded money-laundering efforts by allowing investigative tools designed for organized crime and drug trafficking prevention to be used in terrorist investigations.
The Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists (ACAMS) offers a professional designation known as a Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS). Individuals who earn CAMS certification may work as brokerage compliance managers, Bank Secrecy Act officers, financial intelligence unit managers, surveillance analysts and financial crimes investigative analysts.
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What is Money Laundering？
The goal of a large number of criminal acts is to generate a profit for the individual or group that carries out the act. Money laundering is the processing of these criminal proceeds to disguise their illegal origin. This process is of critical importance, as it enables the criminal to enjoy these profits without jeopardising their source.
Illegal arms sales, smuggling, and the activities of organised crime, including for example drug trafficking and prostitution rings, can generate huge amounts of proceeds. Embezzlement, insider trading, bribery and computer fraud schemes can also produce large profits and create the incentive to “legitimise” the ill-gotten gains through money laundering.
When a criminal activity generates substantial profits, the individual or group involved must find a way to control the funds without attracting attention to the underlying activity or the persons involved. Criminals do this by disguising the sources, changing the form, or moving the funds to a place where they are less likely to attract attention.
In response to mounting concern over money laundering, the Financial Action Task Force on money laundering (FATF) was established by the G-7 Summit in Paris in 1989 to develop a co-ordinated international response. One of the first tasks of the FATF was to develop Recommendations, 40 in all, which set out the measures national governments should take to implement effective anti-money laundering programmes.
How much money is laundered per year?
By its very nature, money laundering is an illegal activity carried out by criminals which occurs outside of the normal range of economic and financial statistics. Along with some other aspects of underground economic activity, rough estimates have been put forward to give some sense of the scale of the problem.
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) conducted a study to determine the magnitude of illicit funds generated by drug trafficking and organised crimes and to investigate to what extent these funds are laundered. The report estimates that in 2009, criminal proceeds amounted to 3.6% of global GDP, with 2.7% (or USD 1.6 trillion) being laundered.
This falls within the widely quoted estimate by the International Monetary Fund, who stated in 1998 that the aggregate size of money laundering in the world could be somewhere between two and five percent of the world’s gross domestic product. Using 1998 statistics, these percentages would indicate that money laundering ranged between USD 590 billion and USD 1.5 trillion. At the time, the lower figure was roughly equivalent to the value of the total output of an economy the size of Spain.
However, the above estimates should be treated with caution. They are intended to give an estimate of the magnitude of money laundering. Due to the illegal nature of the transactions, precise statistics are not available and it is therefore impossible to produce a definitive estimate of the amount of money that is globally laundered every year. The FATF therefore does not publish any figures in this regard.
How is money laundered?
In the initial - or placement - stage of money laundering, the launderer introduces his illegal profits into the financial system. This might be done by breaking up large amounts of cash into less conspicuous smaller sums that are then deposited directly into a bank account, or by purchasing a series of monetary instruments (cheques, money orders, etc.) that are then collected and deposited into accounts at another location.
After the funds have entered the financial system, the second – or layering – stage takes place. In this phase, the launderer engages in a series of conversions or movements of the funds to distance them from their source. The funds might be channelled through the purchase and sales of investment instruments, or the launderer might simply wire the funds through a series of accounts at various banks across the globe. This use of widely scattered accounts for laundering is especially prevalent in those jurisdictions that do not co-operate in anti-money laundering investigations. In some instances, the launderer might disguise the transfers as payments for goods or services, thus giving them a legitimate appearance.
Having successfully processed his criminal profits through the first two phases the launderer then moves them to the third stage – integration – in which the funds re-enter the legitimate economy. The launderer might choose to invest the funds into real estate, luxury assets, or business ventures.
Where does money laundering occur?
As money laundering is a consequence of almost all profit generating crime, it can occur practically anywhere in the world. Generally, money launderers tend to seek out countries or sectors in which there is a low risk of detection due to weak or ineffective anti-money laundering programmes. Because the objective of money laundering is to get the illegal funds back to the individual who generated them, launderers usually prefer to move funds through stable financial systems.
Money laundering activity may also be concentrated geographically according to the stage the laundered funds have reached. At the placement stage, for example, the funds are usually processed relatively close to the under-lying activity; often, but not in every case, in the country where the funds originate.
With the layering phase, the launderer might choose an offshore financial centre, a large regional business centre, or a world banking centre – any location that provides an adequate financial or business infrastructure. At this stage, the laundered funds may also only transit bank accounts at various locations where this can be done without leaving traces of their source or ultimate destination.
Finally, at the integration phase, launderers might choose to invest laundered funds in still other locations if they were generated in unstable economies or locations offering limited investment opportunities.
How does money laundering affect business?
The integrity of the banking and financial services marketplace depends heavily on the perception that it functions within a framework of high legal, professional and ethical standards. A reputation for integrity is the one of the most valuable assets of a financial institution.
If funds from criminal activity can be easily processed through a particular institution – either because its employees or directors have been bribed or because the institution turns a blind eye to the criminal nature of such funds – the institution could be drawn into active complicity with criminals and become part of the criminal network itself. Evidence of such complicity will have a damaging effect on the attitudes of other financial intermediaries and of regulatory authorities, as well as ordinary customers.
As for the potential negative macroeconomic consequences of unchecked money laundering, one can cite inexplicable changes in money demand, prudential risks to bank soundness, contamination effects on legal financial transactions, and increased volatility of international capital flows and exchange rates due to unanticipated cross-border asset transfers. Also, as it rewards corruption and crime, successful money laudering damages the integrity of the entire society and undermines democracy and the rule of the law.
What influence does money laundering have on economic development？
Launderers are continuously looking for new routes for laundering their funds. Economies with growing or developing financial centres, but inadequate controls are particularly vulnerable as established financial centre countries implement comprehensive anti-money laundering regimes.
Differences between national anti-money laundering systems will be exploited by launderers, who tend to move their networks to countries and financial systems with weak or ineffective countermeasures.
Some might argue that developing economies cannot afford to be too selective about the sources of capital they attract. But postponing action is dangerous. The more it is deferred, the more entrenched organised crime can become.
As with the damaged integrity of an individual financial institution, there is a damping effect on foreign direct investment when a country’s commercial and financial sectors are perceived to be subject to the control and influence of organised crime. Fighting money laundering and terrorist financing is therefore a part of creating a business friendly environment which is a precondition for lasting economic development.
What is the connection with society at large？
The possible social and political costs of money laundering, if left unchecked or dealt with ineffectively, are serious. Organised crime can infiltrate financial institutions, acquire control of large sectors of the economy through investment, or offer bribes to public officials and indeed governments.
The economic and political influence of criminal organisations can weaken the social fabric, collective ethical standards, and ultimately the democratic institutions of society. In countries transitioning to democratic systems, this criminal influence can undermine the transition. Most fundamentally, money laundering is inextricably linked to the underlying criminal activity that generated it. Laundering enables criminal activity to continue.
How does fighting money laundering help fight crime？
Money laundering is a threat to the good functioning of a financial system; however, it can also be the Achilles heel of criminal activity.
In law enforcement investigations into organised criminal activity, it is often the connections made through financial transaction records that allow hidden assets to be located and that establish the identity of the criminals and the criminal organisation responsible.
When criminal funds are derived from robbery, extortion, embezzlement or fraud, a money laundering investigation is frequently the only way to locate the stolen funds and restore them to the victims.
Most importantly, however, targeting the money laundering aspect of criminal activity and depriving the criminal of his ill-gotten gains means hitting him where he is vulnerable. Without a usable profit, the criminal activity will not continue.
What should individual governments be doing about it？
A great deal can be done to fight money laundering, and, indeed, many governments have already established comprehensive anti-money laundering regimes. These regimes aim to increase awareness of the phenomenon – both within the government and the private business sector – and then to provide the necessary legal or regulatory tools to the authorities charged with combating the problem.
Some of these tools include making the act of money laundering a crime; giving investigative agencies the authority to trace, seize and ultimately confiscate criminally derived assets; and building the necessary framework for permitting the agencies involved to exchange information among themselves and with counterparts in other countries.
It is critically important that governments include all relevant voices in developing a national anti-money laundering programme. They should, for example, bring law enforcement and financial regulatory authorities together with the private sector to enable financial institutions to play a role in dealing with the problem. This means, among other things, involving the relevant authorities in establishing financial transaction reporting systems, customer identification, record keeping standards and a means for verifying compliance.
Should governments with measures in place still be concerned？
Money launderers have shown themselves through time to be extremely imaginative in creating new schemes to circumvent a particular government’s countermeasures. A national system must be flexible enough to be able to detect and respond to new money laundering schemes.
Anti-money laundering measures often force launderers to move to parts of the economy with weak or ineffective measures to deal with the problem. Again, a national system must be flexible enough to be able to extend countermeasures to new areas of its own economy. Finally, national governments need to work with other jurisdictions to ensure that launderers are not able to continue to operate merely by moving to another location in which money laundering is tolerated.
What about multilateral initiatives？
Large-scale money laundering schemes invariably contain cross-border elements. Since money laundering is an international problem, international co-operation is a critical necessity in the fight against it. A number of initiatives have been established for dealing with the problem at the international level.
International organisations, such as the United Nations or the Bank for International Settlements, took some initial steps at the end of the 1980s to address the problem. Following the creation of the FATF in 1989, regional groupings – the European Union, Council of Europe, Organisation of American States, to name just a few – established anti-money laundering standards for their member countries. The Caribbean, Asia, Europe and southern Africa have created regional anti-money laundering task force-like organisations, and similar groupings are planned for western Africa and Latin America in the coming years.
Who can I contact if I suspect a case of money laundering？
The FATF is a policy-making body and has no investigative authority. In respect to investigating a company and persons involved in money laundering, individuals need to contact their local investigative authorities.
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